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Department of Engineering, ICT and Technologies for Energy and Transport Patent Title CO ĐĂƉƚƵre ŽŶ CaO at high tempeƌĂƚƵre in ŇƵiĚŝnjeĚ 2 beĚs assisteĚ by ĂĐŽƵsƟĐ ĮelĚs. Ref. CNR 10320 Assignee(s): CNR, Univ. di Siviglia, Univ. Federico II CNR InƐƟƚute: IRC Main Inventor: Paola Ammendola Countries: IT, PCT Priority date: 22/02/2013 Abstract The present inveŶƟŽŶ Ěeals with a teĐŚŶŽůŽgy aiming ƚŽ the imprŽvement ŽĨ the ĂͲůŽŽƉŝŶŐ prŽĐess baseĚ ŽŶ the carďŽŶaƟŽŶͬcalcinĂƟŽn ŽĨ CaO at high temperatƵre in a ŇƵŝĚŝzeĚ beĚ, in ŽrĚer tŽ captƵre the CO generateĚ by the ĐŽŵďƵsƟŽn ŽĨ ĨŽssil ĨƵĞůs. It ĐŽnsists in the apƉůŝĐĂƟŽn ŽĨ acŽƵsƟĐ ĮĞůĚƐ insŝĚĞ 2 the ŇƵŝĚŝzeĚ beĚ maĚe Žf CaO pĂƌƟcles, with sŽƵŶĚ intensity anĚ freƋƵency as high as abŽƵƚ ϭϱϬĚ anĚ 100Hz, respĞĐƟvely. This appliĐĂƟŽn aůůŽws the increase ŽĨ the CO ĐĂƉƚƵƌĞ capacity ŽĨ the material 2 ĚƵring the rĂƉŝĚ phase Žf carďŽŶĂƟŽn anĚ reĚƵĐƟŽŶ ŽĨ the ůŽss Žf its ĐĂƉƚƵre capacity as a resƵlt Žf sƵccessive cycles ŽĨ ĐĂƌďŽnĂƟŽŶ/cĂůĐŝŶĂƟŽn. The ĮeůĚ ŽĨ aƉƉůŝĐĂƟŽn Žf the present inveŶƟŽn is relateĚ ƚŽ energy anĚ enǀŝƌŽnment tŽƉics, in ƉĂƌƟĐƵlar tŽ the ƌĞĚƵĐƟŽn ŽĨ the ĂƚŵŽƐƉŚĞƌŝĐ emisƐŝŽns ŽĨ CO 2 frŽm exhaƵst gases. Background The implemĞŶƚĂƟŽn ŽĨ ƚĞĐŚŶŽůŽŐŝĞƐ at inĚƵstrial level ĨŽƌ the ƌĞĚƵĐƟŽn ŽĨ CO emisƐŝŽns frŽŵ ĨŽƐƐŝů fƵels 2 can ĐŽŶƚƌŝďƵƚĞ ƚŽ the mŝƟŐĂƟŽn ŽĨ ŐůŽbal warming. The ƉŽƐt-ĐŽmďƵsƟŽn ƉƌŽĐĞss ŽĨ Ca-lŽŽƉŝŶŐ͕ ďĂƐĞĚ Žn the reversible reĂĐƟŽn ŽĨ carbŽnĂƟŽn (650°C)/ĐĂůĐŝŶĂƟŽn (900°C) ŽĨ CaO in ŇƵŝĚŝnjĞĚ ďĞĚƐ, is very ƉƌŽŵŝsing. Its ĞĸĐŝĞŶĐLJ, ŚŽǁĞver, is ĐŽŵƉƌŽŵŝseĚ by the ĚĞŐƌĂĚĂƟŽn Žf the material anĚ cŽŶseƋƵent reĚƵĐƟŽŶ Žf its captƵre capacity as the ŶƵmber ŽĨ cycles increases. Technology The apƉůŝĐĂƟŽn Žf ĂĐŽƵsƟĐ ĮĞůĚƐ in a ŇƵŝĚizeĚ beĚ can ŝŵƉƌŽve the gas-sŽůŝĚ ĐŽŶƚĂĐƚ, maximizing, in ƚƵƌŶ, the heat anĚ mass transfer between the exhaƵst gas cŽntaining CO aŶĚ CaO ƉĂƌƟĐles Žf the beĚ. The 2 cŽŶseƋƵence is the increase Žf eīecƟveness Žf the Ca-lŽŽping prŽcess ĚƵe ƚŽ an imprŽvement Žf the CO 2 captƵre in the carbŽŶĂƟŽn phase aŶĚ the regenerability ŽĨ the material. Advantages and ApplicaƟons The reference ƚŽƉŝĐs ŽĨ the inveŶƟŽn are the energy ĂŶĚ envŝƌŽnment, aiming tŽ the ƌĞĚƵĐƟŽn ŽĨ CO 2 emisƐŝŽns. The prŽƉŽƐeĚ technŽůŽgy can be ƵƐeĨƵů tŽ imƉƌŽǀĞ the ĞīeĐƟveness ŽĨ the ŇƵŝĚŝnjĞĚ beĚ Ca- ůŽŽƉing ƉƌŽĐess at ŝŶĚƵstrial level, acceleƌĂƟŶŐ the caƌďŽŶĂƟŽn ŽĨ CaO ĂŶĚ reĚƵĐŝŶŐ the ůŽƐs ŽĨ its ĐĂƉƚƵƌe capacity. ĐŽƵƐƟĐ ĮĞůĚƐ can be easily realizeĚ by the ƵƐĞ ŽĨ ůŽǁ ĐŽƐƚ ůŽƵĚ-speakers. Development stage The ĞĸĐŝĞŶĐLJ Žf the ƉƌŽƉŽseĚ teĐŚŶŽůŽŐy has been ǀĂůŝĚĂƚĞĚ at labŽƌĂƚŽƌy scale by means ŽĨ an experimental apparĂƚƵƐ eƋƵippeĚ with a ŇƵŝĚŝnjeĚ beĚ reactŽr ;ĚŝĂmeter ŽĨ 50 mm) anĚ a system ĨŽr the generĂƟŽn Žf ĂĐŽƵsƟĐ ĮeůĚƐ ŽĨ sƵitable intensity anĚ freqƵency with an ĂĚ-hŽĐ sŽƵnĚ wave gƵŝĚe. The experimental rig, able ƚŽ ŽƉĞƌĂƚĞ at temperatƵres ƵƉ ƚŽ 1000°C, is ƐŬĞƚĐŚĞĚ in the ĂƩĂĐŚĞĚ ƉŝĐƚƵƌĞ͘ 41